I am a researcher focusing on the management of digitised assets, with a particular interest in the interaction between technical systems and organisational processes. My current work investigates how to manage IT/OT convergence within capital assets, with a focus on rolling stock (trains).

I study how increasing software integration into physical systems affects decision‑making across the asset lifecycle, where responsibilities are often distributed among IT, engineering, and asset management.

My research aims to support asset managers by developing approaches to align lifecycle decisions across these domains, improving coordination and reducing unintended impacts on asset performance. This work is carried out in collaboration with the Nederlandse Spoorwegen (NS).

Expertise

  • Computer Science

    • Information Technology
    • Decision-Making
    • Maintenance Management
    • Converged System
    • Physical System
    • Risk Analysis Matrix
    • Systems Performance
  • Social Sciences

    • Railway

Organisations

My PhD research is part of the AMICO project, an ongoing initiative of the Asset and Maintenance Management Group within the Design, Production and Management (DPM) department at the University of Twente. The AMICO project addresses the challenges of increasing asset digitisation in the railway domain.

Within this project, my research focuses on supporting the management of IT/OT‑converged assets. As software becomes increasingly integrated into physical systems, managing assets across their lifecycles requires coordination among traditionally separate domains, such as IT, engineering, and asset management.

My work investigates how these domains interact in practice and which factors are essential for effective lifecycle management of digitised assets. In particular, I examine how fragmented decision‑making across domains can lead to misalignment and unintended impacts on asset performance.

Based on this, my research develops and evaluates approaches to improve lifecycle alignment, focusing on awareness, insight, and coordination across domains. The work is applied to rolling stock (trains) to support more reliable railway operations.

Publications

2026

IT/OT lifecycle alignment for reliable railway assets (2026)In Proceedings of the European Safety and Reliability Conference, 14-19 June 2026, Braga, Portugal (pp. 2077-2083). Research Publishing. Kok, A., Martinetti, A. & Braaksma, J.https://cmsweb.com.sg/rps2prod/esrel2026/epro/pdf/esrel26-p27860.pdfUnderstanding IT and OT Lifecycle Alignment Challenges and Opportunities: Design and Evaluation of a Serious Railway Game (2026)Simulation & gaming (E-pub ahead of print/First online). Kok, A., Martinetti, A. & Braaksma, A. J. J.https://doi.org/10.1177/10468781261438163Data belonging to "Understanding IT and OT Lifecycle Alignment challenges and opportunities: Design and Evaluation of a Serious Railway Game" (2026)[Dataset Types › Dataset]. 4TU.Centre for Research Data. Kok, A., Martinetti, A. & Braaksma, J.https://doi.org/10.4121/7024fbca-7211-4937-b47d-060b1acb8c3e

2025

RAMS is Not Enough!: The Design of a Software Integration Risk Analysis Matrix (SIRAM) for Assessing the Impact of Software Integration on Physical System Performance (2025)In Proceedings of the 35th European Safety and Reliability Conference (ESREL2025) and the 33rd Society for Risk Analysis Europe Conference (SRA-E 2025) 15 – 19 June 2025, Stavanger, Norway: Advancing risk, safety and reliability sciences, with applications - from component, to system, to society (pp. 1224-1231). Article P1355. Research Publishing. Kok, A., Martinetti, A., Braaksma, A. J. J. & Verrijzer, F.https://doi.org/10.3850/978-981-94-3281-3_ESREL-SRA-E2025-P1355-cd

2023

RAMS never dies! Applying the approach to IT/OT converged systems (2023)In Proceedings of the 33rd European Safety and Reliability Conference (ESREL 2023) (pp. 3181-3187). Article P286. Research Publishing. Kok, A., Martinetti, A. & Braaksma, J.https://doi.org/10.3850/978-981-18-8071-1_P286-cd

Research profiles

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