dr. Dipl.-Ing. E.C. Fuchs (Elmar C.)

Fields of research

At the Graz University of Technology:

Rare earth doped crystals - Spectral investigations and crystal field analysis
Colour measuring and colour rendering
Chromium doped YAB and GAB
White light crystals and powders
Electrohydrodynamic liquid bridging

At the Wetsus Center of Sustainable Water Technology and University of Twente:

Electrohydrodynamic liquid bridging
Cosmic influences on terrestrial water
Water vortices
Electrospray
Dielectric properties of aqueous solutions
Water structure and dynamics
Water and optics

Agostinho, L. L. F., Pecnik, R., Woisetschläger, J., de Kroon, E., Şişcanu, N., van de Griend, M. V., Loiskandl, W. , & Fuchs, E. C. (2022). Enhanced Oxygen Volumetric Mass Transfer in a Geometrically Constrained Vortex. Water (Switzerland), 14(5), Article 771. https://doi.org/10.3390/w14050771

van de Griend, M. V., Warrener, F., van den Akker, M., Song, Y. , Fuchs, E. C., Loiskandl, W., & Agostinho, L. L. F. (2022). Vortex Impeller-Based Aeration of Groundwater. Water (Switzerland), 14(5), 795. Article 795. https://doi.org/10.3390/w14050795

Liu, X., Pollner, B., Paulitsch-Fuchs, A. H. , Fuchs, E. C., Dyer, N. P., Loiskandl, W., & Lass-Flörl, C. (2022). Investigation of the effect of sustainable magnetic treatment on the microbiological communities in drinking water. Environmental Research, 213, Article 113638. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2022.113638

X. Liu, G. Zarfel, R. van der Wijden, W. Loiskandl, B. Bitschnau, I.J.T. Dinkla, E.C. Fuchs, A.H. Paulitsch-Fuchs, Density-dependent microbial calcium carbonate precipitation by drinking water bacteria via amino acid metabolism and biosorption, Water Research 202 (2021) 117444
E.C. Fuchs, J. Woisetschläger, A.D. Wexler, R. Pecnik, G. Vitiello, Electrically induced liquid-liquid phase transition in a floating water bridge identified by refractive index variations, Water (MDPI) 13(5) (2021) 602
Astrid H. Paulitsch-Fuchs, Natalia Stanulewicz, Bernhard Pollner, Nigel Dyer, Elmar C. Fuchs,Strong gradients in weak magnetic fields affect the long-term biological activity of tap water, Water (Seattle) 12 (2021) 28-45

Adam D. Wexler, Jakob Woisetschläger, Ursula Reiter, Gert Reiter, Michael Fuchsjäger, Elmar C. Fuchs, Lothar Brecker, Nuclear Magnetic Relaxation Mapping of Spin Relaxation in Electrically Stressed Glycerol, ACS Omega 5 (2020) 22057-22070

Gerwin W. Steen, Adam D. Wexler, Elmar C. Fuchs, Herman L. Offerhaus, Gerwin W. Steen, Adam D. Wexler, Elmar C. Fuchs, Herman L. Offerhaus, A First Step towards Determining the Ionic Content in Water with an Integrated Optofluidic Chip Based on Near-Infrared Absorption Spectroscopy,MDPI Optics 1(2) (2020), 175-190

M. van de Griend, E.C. Fuchs, L.L.F. Agostinho, N. Dyer, W. Loiskandl, Consequences of the integration of a hyperbolic showerhead for droplets, jet break-up and physical-chemical parameters, MDPI Water 11 (2019) 2446

E.C. Fuchs, G. Oudakker, M. Justinek, N. Dyer, J. Woisetschläger, K. Godines, M. Mäder, F.T. Freund, Solar eclipses and the Surface Properties of Water, Earth, Moon, and Planets 123 (2019) 15-43

A.D. Wexler, E.C. Fuchs, J. Woisetschläger, G. Vitiello, Electrically induced liquid-liquid phase transition in water at room temperature,PCCP 21 (2019) 18541-18550

E.C. Fuchs, D. Yntema, J. Woisetschläger, Raman spectroscopy and shadowgraph visualization of excess protons in high-voltage electrolysis of pure water, J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys 52 (2019) 365302

G.W. Steen, A.D. Wexler, E.C. Fuchs, H.A. Bakker, P.D. Nguyen, H.L. Offerhaus, Role of temperature in de-mixing absorbance spectra composed of compound electrolyte solutions, Appl. Opt. 57 (2018) 1-7

G.W. Steen, E.C. Fuchs, A.D. Wexler, H.L. Offerhaus, Design considerations to realize differential absorption based optofluidic sensors for determination of ionic content in water, IEEE Sensors 18 (2018) 6051-6058

L.L.F. Agostinho, B.Bo, A.Kamau, S.P. Brouwer, E.C. Fuchs, J.C.M. Marijnissen, Simple-jet mode electrosprays with water. Description, characterization and application in a single effect evaporation chamber, J. Aerosol Sc. 125 (2018) 237-250

A.H. Paulitsch-Fuchs, A. Zsohár, A.D. Wexler, A. Zauner, C. Kittinger, J. de Valença, E.C. Fuchs, Behavioral study of selected microorganisms in an aqueous electrohydrodynamic liquid bridge, Biochem. Biophys. Rep 10 (2017) 287–296

A.D. Wexler, S. Drusová, E.C. Fuchs, J. Woisetschläger, G. Reiter, M. Fuchsjäger, U. Reiter, Magnetic resonance imaging of flow and mass transfer in electrohydrodynamic liquid bridges,J. Vis. 20 (2017) 97

A.D. Wexler, S. Drusová, J. Woisetschläger and E.C. Fuchs, Non-equilibrium thermodynamics and collective vibrational modes of liquid water in an inhomogeneous electric field,PCCP 18 (2016) 16281-16292

E.C. Fuchs, M. Sammer, A.D. Wexler, P. Kuntke, J. Woisetschläger, A floating water bridge produces water with excess charge,J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys. 49 (2016) 125502

M. Sammer, C. Kamp, A.H. Paulitsch-Fuchs, A.D. Wexler, C.J.N. Buisman, E.C. Fuchs, Strong Gradients in Weak Magnetic Fields Induce
DOLLOP Formation in Tap Water,Water 8 (2016) 79

E.C. Fuchs, B. Bitschnau, A.D. Wexler, J. Woisetschläger, F.T. Freund, A Quasi-Elastic Neutron Scattering Study of the Dynamics of Electrically Constrained Water,J. Phys. Chem. B 119 (52) (2015) 15892–15900

M. Sammer, A.D. Wexler, P. Kuntke, H. Wiltsche, N. Stanulewicz, E. Lankmayr, J. Woisetschläger, E.C. Fuchs, Proton production, neutralisation and reduction in a floating water bridge, J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys 48 (2015) 415501

G.W. Steen, E.C. Fuchs, A.D. Wexler, H.L. Offerhaus, Identification and quantification of 16 inorganic ions in water by Gaussian curve fitting of near-infrared difference absorbance spectra, Appl. Opt. 54 (2015) 1–6

M. Sammer, B. Laarhoven, E. Mejias, D. Yntema, E.C. Fuchs, G. Holler, G. Brasseur, E. Lankmayr, Biomass measurement of living Lumbriculus variegatus with impedance spectroscopy, J Electr Bioimp. 5 (2014) 92–98

A. D. Wexler, M. López Sáenz, O. Schreer, J. Woisetschläger, E.C. Fuchs, The Preparation of Electrohydrodynamic Bridges from Polar Dielectric Liquids, J. Vis. Exp. 91, e51819 (*)

E.C. Fuchs, A.D. Wexler, A.H. Paulitsch-Fuchs, L.L.F. Agostinho, D. Yntema and J. Woisetschläger, The Armstrong Experiment Revisited, Eur. J. Phys. Special Topics 223 (2014) 959-977 (*)

L.L.F. Agostinho, C. U. Yurteri, J. Wartena, S. P. Brouwer, E.C. Fuchs, J.C.M. Marijnissen, Insulated multinozzle system for electrohydrodynamic atomization in the simple-jet mode, Appl. Phys. Let. 102 (2013) 194103

L.L.F. Agostinho, G. Tamminga, C.U. Yurteri, S.P. Brouwer, E.C. Fuchs, J.C.M. Marijnissen, Morphology of water electrosprays in the simple-jet mode, Phys. Rev. E 86 (2012) 066317

E.C. Fuchs, A. Cherukupally, A.H. Paulitsch-Fuchs, L.L.F. Agostinho, A.D. Wexler, J. Woisetschläger and F.T. Freund, Investigation of the Mid-Infrared Emission of a Floating Water Bridge, J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys. 45 (2012) 475401

L.L.F. Agostinho, C. Yurteri, E.C. Fuchs and J.C.M. Marijnissen, Monodisperse water microdroplets generated by electrohydrodynamic atomization in the simple-jet mode, Appl. Phys. Let. 100 (2012) 244105

A.H. Paulitsch-Fuchs, E. C. Fuchs, A.D. Wexler, F.T. Freund, L.J. Rothschild, A. Cherukupally and G.-J. W. Euverink, Prokaryotic transport in electrohydrodynamic structures, Phys. Biol. 9 (2012) 026006 (11pp)

J. Woisetschläger, A. D. Wexler, G. Holler, M. Eisenhut, K. Gatterer, E. C. Fuchs, Horizontal bridges in polar dielectric liquids, Exp. Fluids 52 (2012) 193-205

E.C. Fuchs, A.D. Wexler, L.L.F. Agostinho, M. Ramek, J. Woisetschläger, Methanol, Ethanol and Propanol in EHD liquid bridging, J. Phys. Conf. Ser. 329 (2011) 012003

L. Piatkowski, A.D. Wexler, E.C. Fuchs, H. Schoenmaker, H.J. Bakker, Ultrafast vibrational energy relaxation of the water bridge,PCCP 14 (2012) 6160-6164

E.C. Fuchs, B. Bitschnau, S. Di Fonzo, A. Gessini, J. Woisetschläger, F. Bencivenga, Inelastic UV Scattering in a Floating Water Bridge, J. Phys. Sc. Appl. 1 (2011) 135-147 (*)

M. Sammer, C. Kamp, D. Yntema, M. Horner, E.C. Fuchs, G. Holler, J. Woisetschläger, E. Lankmayr, The Bioscope System - Testing and validating a novel sensor for aqueous solutions, J. Water Chem. Tech. 33 (2011) 369-376

L.L.F. Agostinho, E.C. Fuchs, S.J. Metz, C.U. Yuteri, J.C. Marijnissen, Reverse movement and coalescence of water microdroplets in electrohydrodynamic atomization, Phys. Rev.. E 84 (2011) 026317 (12pp)

M. Eisenhut, X. Guo, A.H. Paulitsch-Fuchs, E.C. Fuchs, Aqueous Phenol and Ethylene Glycol Solutions in Electrohydrodynamic Liquid Bridging, Cent. Eur. J. Chem. 9(3) (2011) 391-403 (*)

E.C. Fuchs, L.L.F. Agostinho, A. Wexler, R.M. Wagterveld, J. Tuinstra, J. Woisetschläger, The behavior of a floating water bridge under reduced gravity conditions, J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys 44 (2011) 025501 (8pp)

E.C. Fuchs, L.L.F. Agostinho, M. Eisenhut, J. Woisetschläger, Mass and charge transfer within a floating water bridge, Proc. SPIE 7376 (2010) 73761E1-15

E.C. Fuchs, Can a Century Old Experiment Reveal Hidden Properties of Water?, Water (MDPI) 2(3) (2010) 381-410 (*)

E. Del Giudice, E.C. Fuchs, G. Vitiello, Collective Molecular Dynamics of a Floating Water Bridge, Water (Seattle) 2 (2010) 69-82

E.C. Fuchs, P. Baroni, B. Bitschnau, L. Noirez, Two-Dimensional Neutron Scattering in a Floating Heavy Water Bridge, J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys 43 (2010) 105502 (5pp)

J. Woisetschläger, K. Gatterer, E.C. Fuchs, Experiments in a Floating Water Bridge, Exp. Fluids 48 (2010) 121-131

E.C. Fuchs, B. Bitschnau, J. Woisetschläger, E. Maier, B. Beuneu, J. Teixeira, Neutron scattering of a Floating Heavy Water Bridge, J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys. 42 (2009) 065502-6

E.C. Fuchs, C. Sommer, F.P.Wenzl, B. Bitschnau, A.H. Paulitsch, A. Mühlanger, K. Gatterer, Polyspectral white light emission from Eu3+, Tb3+, Dy3+, Tm3+ co-doped GdAl3(BO3)4 phosphors obtained by combustion synthesis,Materials Science and Engineering B 156 (2009) 73–78

E.C. Fuchs, K. Gatterer, G. Holler, J. Woisetschläger, Dynamics of the Floating Water Bridge,J. Phys. D:Appl. Phys. 41 (2008) 185502-7

E.C. Fuchs, K. Gatterer, Colour change of co-doped yttrium aluminium borate crystals under illumination with different white light sources, Cent. Eur. J. Chem. 6(4) (2008) 497–504 (*)

M.A.S. Goher, B. Sodin, B. Bitschnau, E.C. Fuchs, F.A. Mautner, Ladders, rings and cubes as structural motifs in three new zinc(II) azide complexes. Synthesis, spectral and structural characterization, Polyhedron 27 (2008) 1423 - 1431

E.C. Fuchs, J. Woisetschläger, K. Gatterer, E. Maier, R. Pecnik, G. Holler, H. Eisenkölbl, The floating water bridge, J. Phys. D:Appl. Phys 40 (2007) 6112 - 6114

L. Brecker, D. Wicklein, H. Moll, E. C. Fuchs, W.-M. Becker, A. Petersen, Structural and immunological properties of arabinogalactan polysaccharides from pollen of timothy grass (Phleum pratense L.), Carbohydrate Research 340 (2005) 657-663

M. H. Bartl, E. C. Fuchs, K. Gatterer, H. P. Fritzer, M. Bettinelli, and A. Speghini, Spectroscopic and Crystal Field Investigation of Kramers-Ions: Nd3+:YAB - a Case Study of the Crystal Field Structure of the 4I9/2 Ground State,J. Solid State Chem. 167 (2002) 386-392

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Press reports

Leeuwarder Courant (Okt 2019) Raadselwater
Leeuwarder Courant (Apr 2019) Nieuw Wetsus-lab onderzoek bliksem
De Volkskrant (Feb 2018) Fries onderzoek op de Zuidpool naar eigenaardig water
Leeuwarder Courant (Feb 2018) Bijzonder experiment met water op zuidpool
Die Presse (Apr 2016) Kann Wasser zugleich fest, flüssig und gasförmig sein?
Leeuwarder Courant (Mar 2016) Waterbrug opent venster naar waterbatterij
Friesch Dagblad (Mar 2016) Wetsus-onderzoekers maken water met elektrische lading
De Telegraaf (Mar 2016) Wetenschappers maken milieuvriendelijk sop
Leeuwarder Courant (Sep 2014) Waarom is water essentieel voor het leven?
Leeuwarder Courant (Mar 2014) Van waterbrug naar computer
Science in Society (Summer 2013)
Leeuwarder Courant (Jul 2013) Waterbrug
Dagblad van het Noorden (Jul 2013) Waterbrug is nog een mysterie
Science to Sage (Dec 2012) Water Revolution
Leeuwarder Courant (Nov. 2012) Wetsus test waterbrug in ruimtevaartcentrifuge
Friesch Dagblad (Nov 2011) Bijzonder water in een zwevende waterbrug
Volkskrant (Nov 2011) Magische waterbrug bevat raar water
Wasser Biennale (2010) Eine kurze Geschichte über die Wasserbrücke
Salzburger Nachrichten (May 2010) Schwebende Wasserbrücke nutzen
Pressebeilage "energy 2.09" (Sep 2009) Wenn Wasser schwebt und Strom reinigt
Österreichische Apothekerzeitung (3, Feb 2009, p 164f)
Corriere della Sera (28 Jun 2008) Un ponte d’aqua per capire la vita

Naturwissenschaftliche Rundschau (Apr 2008) Brücke aus Wasser
PM Magazin (Feb 2008) Wasser fließt nicht bergauf? Falsch!
ViA International (Jan 2008) Spin Doctors in Matters of H₂O
Galileo (Nov 2007)
La Recherche (414, Dec 2007, p.12) Un pont d’eau suspendu
Science et Vie (Nov 2007) Un pont d’eau pure sur du vide
Wiedza i Zycie (Dec 2007) Wodne Niespodzianki
Die Presse (8 Nov 2007) Physik: Eine Brücke aus H₂O
Salzburger Nachrichten (10 Nov 2007)
Spektrum der Wissenschaft (1 Oct 2007)
VPRO Noorderlicht (Oct 2007)
Nature (Oct 2007) Water doesn’t mind the gap
NRC Handelsblad (Oct 2007) Duitse fyisci bouwen een brug van water tussen twee glazen
Neue Zürcher Zeitung (7 Oct 2007)
Russky Newsweek (41, Oct 2007, p.52)
physorg.com (28 Sep 2007)

Radio Reports

Radio 1 ("Goedemorgen Nederland") (Interview met Huib Bakker naar 48 min)
Ö1: Dimensionen ('Gesprächsstoffe 4: Mysterium H₂O' ) (26. Jun 2011, 19:00)
Deutschlandfunk (5. Jan 2009, 16:35)

TV - Reports

Bayrischer Rundfunk, ("Faszination Wissen: Unser Wasser - tot oder lebendig?") broadcasted on March 27^th 2008, 21:15
Channel 4, Yomiuri TV station ("Dream Vision") broadcasted on December 20^th 2007 (Japan)
3sat ("nano: Die schwebende Wasserbrücke") broadcasted on December 18^th 2007, 19:30
ORF ("Newton: Die schwebende Wasserbrücke") broadcasted on November 17^th 2007, 19:20, Repetition in "Highlights von 2007" on the 29th of December, 2007, 19:30